Wrench



(No Model.)

J'. Pt HAIGH.

WRENCH.

Patented Oct. 25, 18881.

UNITED STATES PATENT EETcE.

JOSEPH P. HAIGH, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 248,588, dated October 25, 1881 Application filed March 5, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH P. HAIGH, of Pittsburg, county of Allegheny, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification. i

My invention relates to wrenches for use in operating upon cylindrical articles. Such wrenches arecommonlycalledpipe-wrenches or cylinder-wrenches.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side view of my wrench. Fig. 2 is an edge view of the cam or handle lever, and Fig. 3 is a face view of the clutch or pivoted jawA with its shank E.

H is the lever of the wrench, made of suitable cast metal. It is provided with a handle, K, at one end, and at the other with a serrated cam-formed griping-surface, O, and has a mortise, G, through the body of it, and a wristpin, D, cast between and with its sides near the end next the cam.

Ais a pivoted jaw or clutch, and is provided with a concave serrated griping-surface, B, at one end, and at the other with a shank, E, having a circular cavity or pivot-seat, L, adapted to tthe wrist-pin D, and a tang, M, on the heel of said shank. The pivoted jaw or clutch A presents opposite to the griping surface O a concave serrated surface, B. The mortise G permits the insertion ofboth the shank E and spring I into their seats. One end of said spring is fastened in a recess near the handle K with screws, and the other end rests upon the tang M and gives the clutch A a closing tendency, and at the same time prevents its displacement from its pivotseat when the keeper J is not in use. The keeperJ isa thin plate of steel of the same width as the shank, and bent to it the. curve of shank E, and fastened to the same by a screw, as shown, with one end ofthe keeper projecting over the top of the wrist-pin D to keep clutch A in its seat when the spring I is not in use. Both the spring I and keeper J are fastened on with screws, so as to be readily detached, because, when the wrench is used to screw Iup gas-pipe that is in a close corner of an angle, it sometimes becomes necessary to detach the clutch from the lever and hook it on the pipe first, and thenhook the shank E on the wristD afterward. In such case the keeper must first be removed` and again, when the wrench is used to turn four-square nuts rapidly, it is sometimes better to remove the spring and work the clutch with the hand.

rlhe wrench is adapted to work on cylindrical pieces varying in size from zero up to its maximum capacity.

rPhe gripingsurface O is in the form of a scroll, as shown, and power applied to turn an article grasped by the wrench will tend to increase the grasping power only as the article resists the power applied to turn it, and thus, as shown in practice, it does not crush even ver;T light vgas-pipe.

rPhe wrenchis a most excellent one, and the construction is cheap. The material may be iron or steel, and, if desired, the serrated surfaces may be formed of tine steel plates riveted or otherwise affixed in place. The line N indicates the juncture of such a plate with the body.

The lever may be a malleable or steel casting, or for some purposes it maybe of wroughtiron.

The pivoted jaw or clutch may be of any suitable material.

Instead of hooking theclutch Aonthe wristpin D, as shown, the clutch A may be bifurcated and the lever made solid and recessed on its sides to, say, half the thickness, and disks or bosses cast or forged on each side of it, and the two forks of the clutch hooked on them. In such case the spring which I have inclosed within the mortise, out of harms way, might be placed one on each side of lever, and thus act on both forks of the clutch. I much prefer the single shank and spring.

rPhe shoulder O at thejunction ofthe shank E with thejaw A prevents thejaw from coming out whilein ordinary use, evenif the keeper and spring both be removed, since it will be observed that with this shoulder arranged approximately as shown thejaw can be removed and inserted only after bringing the serrated faces B O nearly in contact.

Itis an important feature of the present wrench that the pin D is, by preference, cast with the' rest of the handle.

Heretofore it has been usual to insert a loose pin, or in some cases to rivet a pin in place. The holes made through the handle for this purpose weaken it considerably, since, as the IOO 3. Aeast-metal mortised or recessed wrenchlever, having Wrist-pin D east therewith as a part thereof', in combination with jaw A, having shank M, shoulder O, and a pivot-seat in the shank, substantially as set forth.

In Witness whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

strain all comes on the pin, the holes have to I' 15 be made comparatively large. l

I claim herein as my inventionl. The combination, with a mortised or recessed lever` having Wrist-pin D and gripingsurface, of a griping -jaw provided with a curved seat and a removable keeper, J, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. The combination, with mortised or reeessed lever H, having a Wrist-pin, D, and griping-surfaee C, ofjaw A, having shank E, provided with a curved seat and tang M, keeper J, and .spring` I, substantially as and for the purpose set forth. l

JOSEPH P. HAIGH.

Witnesses:

C. A. FREEMAN, JAs. E. BRANDON. 

